Biomimetic 4d printing full#
Biomimetic 4d printing license#

Lee analyses 143 papers from 1987–2017, reviews the reversibility research of 3D-printed shape-memory materials and proposes the new two-way 4D printing actuation method. Mao designs a reversible shape-changing component. With the improvement of the intelligent components of one-way design, the two-way design gradually attracts attention. Faber designs a bistable elastic self-folding bionic flying wing structure using the bionic design method, and it can be used as a classic example of inverse design. Around the design and analysis of intelligent components, based on his knowledge and experience, Janbaz designs a self-folding and deformable component and demonstrates the most common forward design method in the field of 4D printing.

Scholars create a broad research framework around the fourth-dimensional concept of 4D printing and the stimulus-response model, and many branches of research have been expanded with the establishment of the framework. As the concept of 4D printing is introduced in the additive manufacturing industry, related scholars have considerably discussed and formed different research branches. It is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field focusing on engineering, mathematics, materials, medicine, and chemistry. ĤD printing is suitable for implementing an organization scheme of new methods, materials, and technologies in traditional additive manufacturing to cope with external environmental change, realize intelligence components. In a broad sense, 4D printing serves as a comprehensive concept that systematically gives the shape, performance, and function of additive manufacturing components change over time under predetermined external stimulus. In a narrow sense, 4D printing is a production model in additive manufacturing, which gives complexity of material geometry while transforming intelligent materials into products through three-dimensional printing. No international consensus is reached over the definition of 4D printing. The 4D printing process is shown in Figure 1. The concept of 4D printing is derived from Tibbits's presentation in 2013 at the earliest, referring to the new technology to fuse intelligent materials and additive manufacturing. The concept of 4D printing represents the emerging direction of manufacturing, and it is also the paradigm of fusion of existing technology and innovation.

Many countries with a renewed interest in manufacturing have high expectations for technological innovation and fusion. In particular, since the global coronavirus disease epidemic is gradually under control in 2022, the importance of the real economy has been reawakened, and the development trend and competitive landscape of the manufacturing industry are faced significant changes. The manufacturing industry is the driving force for the growth, structural change, and acceleration of the economy, which exerts far-reaching and extensive influence on the national economy.

Biomimetic 4d printing license#

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Researchers can use it to understand current research gaps and best practice pathways. The purpose of this paper was to provide a systematic, comprehensive, dynamic, quantitative, and objective analysis of the 4D printing research field in order to deepen and refine research in the field, as well as to reveal the overall existing knowledge structure and potential emerging trends. This paper constructs a visualizing technology identification framework for the global 4D printing research field for manufacturing regarding basic information, technology evolution paths, knowledge structures, and emerging trends through bibliometric techniques and Gephi and CiteSpace software. It is susceptible to subjective thinking and knowledge blindness, making it difficult to reflect the current state of research in 4D printing in a comprehensive manner. In a summary and overview of the current state of research and trends, existing studies are generally manually reviewed and organized.

Biomimetic 4d printing full#

As a young field, it is full of new elements to be researched. * e-mail: emergence of additive manufacturing technology opens up avenues for developing manufacturing industries, and a clear future direction for additive manufacturing is 4D printing. School of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China Wencai Zhang 1, Zhenghao Ge 1 and Duanling Li 1 ,2 *Ĭollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China